In 1522, the Church and Hospital of Santa Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili on the Sant’Agnello a Caponapoli Hill (commonly known as the Ospedale degli Incurabili – Hospital for the Incurables) thanks to the efforts of Maria Richenza, wife of Giovanni Longo, Minister of the King of Naples, Ferdinand the Catholic. In 1589, the Banco di Santa Maria del Popolo was established, and its first office was located in the Hospital.

As soon as the work began to grow in importance, in 1597, the offices were transferred to a building owned by the Ospedale in piazza di San Lorenzo, at the corner between via dei Tribunali and via San Gregorio Armeno, across from the churches of San Lorenzo and San Paolo dei Padri Teatini. The costs of the reconstruction, based on the designs of the architect Giovan Battista Cavagni (with whom Giovan Giacomo Conforto worked), and the acquisition of additional offices, was 10,000 ducats; the move took place in 1600. Today, the building, which has been remodelled, has become an apartment complex.